Early Cretaceous potassium-riched alkaline volcanic rocks were discovered in the Suhongtu area, Inner Mongolia. These volcanic rocks display higher total alkaline contents (K₂O+Na₂O=5.20%~8.92%), K₂O/Na₂O (K2O/Na2O=0.59~1.03) and TiO₂ (1.59%~2.05%) and characteristics of shoshonites series rocks. Chondrite normalized rare earth element patterns and primitive mantle normalized trace element patterns show slightly positive and negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.88~1.11) and the enrichment of large ion lithophile elements (LILE), light rare earth elements (LREE) and high field strength elements (HFSE). Suhongtu volcanic rocks show similar geochemical characteristics to those of Siziwangqi and Southern Baiyun’ebo volcanic rocks. These volcanic rocks did not experience obvious contamination of crustal materials. Negative Nb and Ta anomalies probably imply the influence of the subducted slab of Paleo-Asian Ocean crust. Trace elements and isotopic analysis indicate that the Suhongtu and Siziwangqi shoshonites magmas were derived from EMⅠ enrichmental asthenosphere mantle altered by materials from the subducted slab of the Paleo-Asian Ocean crust, and the Southern Baiyun’ebo volcanic rocks was from a less-degree enriched source. However, their petrogenesis is similar to the depleted mantle source with various degree of enrichment. In combination with the regional geology, the middle and western part of the north margin of Northern China Craton (NCC), along which Siziwangqi, Southern Baiyun’ebo and Suhongtu volcanic rocks distributed, probably showed an similar extensional environment after orogenic period in Early Cretaceous. After the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in Late Triassic, a NS-trending compressive process developed in the north margin of NCC, which led the thickening of crust and the delamination of lithosphere. Then the remelting of the subducted slab of the Paleo-Asian Ocean crust, and the melt resulted in enrichment of the depleted asthenosphere mantle, and the upwelling and partial melting of the enriched mantle asthenosphere mentle formed EW-distributed Early Cretaceous shoshonites.

Based on the relevant planning objectives, life-cycle emission reduction capacities and costs of eight categories of emission reduction technology of China’s power sector are analyzed. The results indicate that the total emission reduction capacity amounts to 2099.0-2070.3 MtCO_2e. The emission reductions generated by hydropower and nuclear power are the biggest, accounting for 62.90% to 63.34% together. The total cost is projected to be 330.76 billion RMB. The lowest cost, by hydropower, is -783.0 billion RMB, while the highest, by biomass power, is 168.75 billion RMB. The average unit cost of reducing emissions is between 157.6 to 159.8 RMB/tCO_2e. Hydropower and nuclear power have the lowest unit abatement costs, -104.3- -104.8 RMB/tCO_2e and 13.2-13.3 RMB/tCO_2e respectively, while natural gas power has the highest, 958.8?1598.0 RMB/tCO_2e. Overall, the hydropower and nuclear power generate relatively low unit abatement costs and big emission reduction capacities. Thus, China should focus on the development of these two types of new energy in the future.

To deepen the understanding on tectonic evolution of Beishan Moutain, granite pluton which lies in the north of Qiaowan, northern margin of Dunhuang block (south belt of Beishan Mountain), Gansu province, is studied in geochronology and geochemistry. The hornblende granite contains a LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb aged at 303.7±2.4 Ma. Its ε_Hf(t) value varies from -1.2 to 5.8, ε_Nd(t) value is high (-0.40 to -0.06), and (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i (0.704524 to 0.705062) is relatively low. The pluton apparently belongs to sub-alkline and high-K cal-alkaline series (K₂O is 4.09% to 5.58%, K₂O/Na₂O is 1.34 to 2.07) and shows as I-type granite with metaluminous-peraluminous characteristics for A/CNK is between 0.92 and 1.04. The hornblende granite pluton has LILE enrichment, especially rich in Pb, Rb, Th, and U, depleted in HFSE (Nb, Ta) obviously in spidergram. It also has a rich LREE and flat HREE in REE patterns with no or extremely weak Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.67 to 1.17). From the ε_Hf(t), ε_Nd(t) values and geochemical characteristics, it can be concluded that the pluton is a mixture of crustal and mantle derived magma. The mantle derived magma may be directly from anatexis magma in deep mantle and then underplate below the continental crust. Based on regional geology and the geochemical characteristics, the hornblende granite pluton in the north of Qiaowan was formed during post-collision period, which suggests the collision of Beishan Mountain is already finished in late Carboniforous.

Aimed at the problems that the traditional echo simulation methods cannot well simulate the distribution of Gaussian white noise, and is not conducive to react the real echo signal as well, the authors improve the echo signal simulation method, and propose a method to removing ground clutter from wind profiler radar based on static wavelet transforms (SWT). The new methods can be applied to lower signal to clutter ratio (SCR) whose calculation amount is little more than traditional method based on discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) . The simulation results show the validity of the algorithm.

The study of Neoarchean S-type granite, with obvious tectonic significance, which lies in Hejiao area, Darhan Muminggan Lianheqi, Inner Mongolia, in major elements, trace elements and SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology provided further evidence for understanding the nature of tectonic setting of the northern margin of North China plate at the end of Neoarchean. The major elements features of Hejiao granite indicate that it belongs to cal-alkaline series with strongly peraluminous characteristics and Rittman index σis between 0. 54 and 0. 57. The granite has high total rare earth elements (REE) values(243.8- 427. 1 μg/g), and enriches light REE relative to the heavy ones, and has negative anomalies characteristics in Eu ( ( La/ Yb)_N = 14. 88-18. 18, Eu^* / Eu = 0. 31- 0. 65) . In addition, it depletes high field strength elements( HFSE) , such as Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti. The trace elements characteristics of Hejiao granite reflect that it is formed under post-collisional tectonic setting and it is from normal thick continental crust in low pressure-high temperature conditions, which are similar to the formation conditions of Lachlan fold belt in Australia. The SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of Hejiao granite is 2556 ±8 Ma. Strongly peraluminous S-type granite of Hej iao indicates that, in the end of Neoarchean, a continent-continent collision event probably occurred at the middle segment of north margin of North China plate, and that the sanukite with the same age in Guyang area, was possibly formed at post-collisional tectonic setting rather than subduction zone.

To study influences of construction fugitive in Guiyang, construction fugitive PM₁₀emission in 2002 was estimated based on an extensive survey of construction activities in Guiyang. The contribution of construction fugitive dust to ambient PM₁₀was simulated using the CALPUFF model, and the seasonal variation as well as influencing factors were addressed. The results show that fugitive PM₁₀emission from construction activities was up to 416 tons, accounting for 4% of all PM10 source emissions in the urban area of Guiyang. Construction fugitive dust showed great impact on the ambient PM₁₀level in Guiyang, and contributed 12% to the annual mean concentration of PM₁₀over the urban area. Significant seasonal variation of the contribution of construction fugitive dust was found due to the change of construction activities and meteorological conditions ( wind and precipitation).

The kinetic characteristics of the electrochemical oxidation of Adrenaline to adrenochrome was studied by UV-Vis Spectroscopy. The measurements showed that the electrooxidation of adrenaline to adrenochrome was typical of the first order reaction and the average apparent rate constant is 1.921×10^-4s^-1.

Random amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to reveal the variation among Seven Drosophila immigrans geographic strains. Based on the RAPD markers the genetic distance among seven geographic strains of D. immigrans were computed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. We found that: 1) Among D. immigrans strains, MU was further away to other strains than the others for it is the only one from Japan. 2) Within Chinese geographic strains, HY, SP(from Qinling area) are collected at the nearest geographic area and height above sea level, so they have little genetic variation. Another two high elevation strains TS(from Taishan)and LZ(from Lan Zhou)went together with HY and SP. It seems that: Higher elevational D. immigrans strains have more genetic resemblance. This phenomena happened recently during D. immigrans' speciation.